Review international journal (Theoretical Background): Listening Skill Development Through Integrating subtitle with Schemata Activation

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In this beautiful morning, I'm gonna to share my new post about international journal review entitled “Listening Skill Development Through Integrating subtitle with Schemata Activation”. And in this part we got arrived to theoretical background of this journal. So this journal which is devided to three parts. 

Captions and Subtitle 

According to The National Captioning Institute, Caption and subtitles are texts that exists on the TV screen where the text is produced by changing the audio in the form of narration, dialogue, music, and sound effects in the video into text. Caption and subtitles change the audio in text with black background white writing. 

Katchen, Lin, Fox and Chun (2002, as cited in Etemadi, 2012) characterize six combinations of subtitles:

1) Standard Subtitling (L2 audio with L1 subtitles)

2) Bimodal Subtitling (L2 audio with L2 subtitles)

3) Reversed Subtitling (L1 audio with L2 subtitles)

4) Bilingual Subtitling (L2 audio with L2 and L1 subtitles simultaneously)

5) Bilingual Reversed Subtitling (L1 audio with L1 and L2 subtitles simultaneously)

6) No Subtitling (L2 audio with no subtitles at all)

With the subtitles, students become motivated and aware of gaining new vocabulary and idioms without having any obstacles. According to Vanderplank (1988) Language acquisition process can helping by subtitles, because the subtitles provide massive quantities of authentic and comprehensible media of learners. Zanon (2006) students are more enthusiastic about learning with the subtitles of the film, because it can connect between images, sounds, and texts at one time.

Schema theory

Schema theory is a learning theory created by Piaget. So after the students watch the video, there are subtitles which will make the process of making meaning in the students' brains.

Previous studies

Rumelhart (1997) new listening material efficient influence by schemata activation.

Pictures and videos are believed to be effective activating student's background knowledge 

That's all from me, and

see next week!